vocab yay!

1. absolute measurement. an absolute measurement is a measurement with a fixed value.

2. relative measurement. a relative measurement is a measurement based on the type size.

3.point. the size of type- the unit of measurement used to measurement the type size of the font.

4. pica. a picca is a unit of measurement equal to 12 points that is commonly used for measuring lines of type.

5. em and em dash. the em is a relative unit of measurement used in typesetting to define basic spacing functions and therefore it is linked to the size of type. The em dash is used for defining elements such as a paragraph indents and spacing.

6. The en and the en dash. the en is a unit of relative measurement equal to half of on em. The en dash is half of a em dash.

7. legibility. whether or not one can read a typeface normally and accurately. Legibility has to do with many elements some elements include kerning and font.

8. rag. rags occur when highly noticeable shapes form by the lines ends of text blocks that distract from simple uninterrupted reading. Rags can include exaggerated slopes of noticeable incline.

9. type alignments.

flush left. all type is alined to the left.

flush right. all type is alined to the right.

centered. format is centered generally to the middle of the page.

justified. the space between the words is adjusted in each line giving even margins both to the left and right sides of the page.

flush left pro. the space between the words stays the same.

flush left con. asymmetry the ragged right margin may disturb the balance of an otherwise symmetrical page layout.

flush right pro. very effective for setting small bodies of text.

flush right con. readability is reduced.

centered pro, very effective in the design of single pages.

centered con. readability is reduced.

justified pro. even margins right and left sides.

justified con. spacing between words will very.

10. wording spacing. it is ideal to kern words apart so that they have the same looking optical volumes in between.

11. rivers. space in between rows

12. indent. text blocks can be indented so that some or all of this text lines are moved in from the margin by a specified amount.

13. leading. depth of space in between lines. The space in between text measures in order to space them more accurately.

14. kerning. involves selectively reducing the space between characters while learning the rest of the type setting the same.

15. tracking. also known as letter spacing adjusting the overall space between letters.

16.weight. most typefaces have a few choices of weight. an example of this would be bold vs regular.

17. scale. scale in type is making the type different in point size.

18. typographic variation. using different types of typeface, weight and or sizes.

19. orphan. an orphan is the final one or two lines of a paragraph to form a new column, and should be avoided.

20. widow. is a lone word at the end of a paragraph.

Jan Tschichold was a famous designer that dealt mostly with stock types by using them in non-traditional ways.

Jan Tschichold was born into a family that very much led him to be a designer. His father jobs dealt with using a variety of different types exposing Tschichold to script at a young age. As Tschichold grew older he began helping his father manage the different scripts. He decided to be a drawing teacher at the young age of fourteen. While teaching the class Tschichold studied a wide range of arts. This included looking at type as not only letters but also forms of art. At the age of sixteen Tschichold decided to stop teaching and to attend the Academy for Graphic Arts to be a typeface designer. When Tschichold was nineteen he began teaching a script class at the academy. He was doing very well of himself especially at such a young age.

While teaching the class he became very interested in the Bauhaus movement. He was in awe of their work and tried to adopt some of their work into his. He began to try to make his work less like the typographers of before and tried to really push the envelope for new ideas. Tschichold believed in Modernist design ways and expressed that in is work.

As time progressed his ideas and work became fresher and more interesting. This gained a bigger audience for his work and his name became to be better known in the world of design. Soon he began writing books while still designing. Out of all of his books his most popular written work is called, “Die Neue Typographie”. This book was about creating new typography work using non-traditional ways to communicate. Jan Tschichold is also famous for creating a new “universal alphabet” which used only one typeface, sans serif. Jan Tschichold also designed types including Transit, Saskia, Zeus, and Sabon.

Jan Tschichold is one of the most famous designers worldwide. Designers today still look to his work for design inspiration and teaching designers of today.

andrea hw one

1. Define Grid. a series of lines that intersect with each to form a series of boxs, aka a grid.

2. Why do we (designers) use a grid? As designers we use a grid to organize the elements and objects of our design. The benefit of having a grid is to help the designer design clearly.

3. What is a modular grid? A modular grid has four columns and four rows.

4. Define and Illustrate : Margins, Columns. Grid Modules, Flowlines, and Gutter.

A margin is basically the border or white space on all four sides of the page.

A column is the boxes in the grid that read up and down.

Grid Modules are the actual squares inside the grid.

A flowline is like a gutter but only goes horizontal and keeps layout uniform.

Gutter is the space in between grid modules.

5. Define Hierarchy: Hierarchy is what the eyes see first or what draws the viewer to the design.

6. Ways to achieve hierarchy would be bolding font, color coding type, or increasing the pt size of specific type.

7. Define Family and Type Styles: Inside a family of type are many different types styles, examples of this include bold, italic, lower case and upper case.