photo shoot for dvd...

11.30.09

What are the advantages of a multiple column grid.? Mulitiple column grid helps plan a layout more easier and cleaner, breaks up the space, create asymmetry, use different column widths.

How many characters is optimal for a line length? words per line? 45-75 characters per line length, 66 is the norm, to fit one can make your type size bigger or smaller.

Why is the baseline grid used in design? Help align text

What is a typographic river? Rivers only happen when using justified text

From the readings what does clothesline or flow line mean? Hangline

How can you incorporate white space into your designs? gutter space, or space between paragraphs, don't put text to the edges.

What is type color/texture mean? Density of the text

What is x-height, how does it effect type color? x-height is how tall a letter is. X-height can effect the letters by making the color appear stronger then it is if the type in condensed looking or if it is wider it can make the color look light in contrast to the page and or other type faces.

In justification or H&J terms what do the numbers: minimum, optimum, maximum mean?

What are some ways to indicate a new paragraph. Are there any rules? There are plenty of ways to indicate a new job; indenting the first line, Bolding one letter or some of the type at the beginning, or Color coding the beginning of the paragraph

What are some things to look out for when hyphenating text. If the word truly needs to be hyphenating, or if the word gets broken up into two lines

What is a literature? FF is an example

What does CMYK and RGB mean? cyan, magenta, yellow, black/ red, green, blue

What does hanging punctuation mean? Punctuation not attached to text

What is the difference between a foot mark and an apostrophe? Apostrophe is curved while a foot mark is not

What is the difference between an inch mark and a quote mark (smart quote)? Quotes are curved while inch marks are not

What is a hyphen, en dash and em dashes, what are the differences and when are they used? hyphen is regular sized, en is longer and em is shorter

What are ligatures, why are they used, when are they not used, what are common ligatures? A ligature occurs where two or more graphemes are joined as a single glyph.

new flash link

flash link

new flash link

motion graphics

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pxkM3YTWu9s&feature=related

Data Flow

I picked the Feltron Report because the informative is easy to read and the layout is clean and crisp.

finals!

Project 2 type blog

This project thus this is far is changeling but I already like it more than the previous project. Seeing everyones design on Monday gave me a sense of what I need to change on projects to make them better. Hopefully this keep me on a good track for designing with type.

Mr. Caslon

caslon

caslon

1. Who designed it, dates of birth and death: William Caslon designed the Caslon font. He lived from 1692 until 1766.
2. When was the font designed? The font was designed around 1722.
3. Which classification does it belong to? Caslon falls into the Transitional classification.

Transitional or baroque serif typefaces first appeared in the mid-18th century. They are among the most common, including such widespread typefaces as Times New Roman (1932) and Baskerville (1757). They are in between modern and old style, thus the name "transitional." Differences between thick and thin lines are more pronounced than they are in old style, but they are still less dramatic than they are in modern serif fonts.

4. Name three fonts that are from the same classification: Times New Roman, Baskerville, Wyld
5. What was happening in the world when this font was designed?

January 24

Czar Peter the Great begins civil system

January 24

Edward Wigglesworth appointed 1st U.S. divinity professor (Harvard)

March 8

Afghan monarch Mir Mahmud occupies Persia

March 17

Willem K. H. Friso appointed mayor of Drente

April 5

Jacob Roggeveen discovers Easter Island

April 6

Peter the Great ends tax on men with beards

April 22

19 VOC "komplotteurs" in Batavia executed

April 30

Game of Billiards is mentioned in New England Courant

May 3

Pierre de Marivaux' "La Double Inconstance," premieres in Paris

June 30

Hungarian Parliament condemns emperor Karel VI's Pragmatic Sanctions

September 12

Russian troops occupy Baku and Derbent on Persia

October 19

French C. Hopffer patents fire extinguisher

November 2

Willem KH Friso (11) appointed viceroy of Gelderland

November 7

Richard Steele's "Conscious Lovers," premieres in London

6. Other fonts William Calson designed include, ITC Caslon, Caslson Graphique and Calson Bold.
7. Designer History: William Calson:

William Caslon, also known as William Caslon I (1692–1766-01-23) was an English gunsmith and designer of typefaces. He was born at Cradley, Worcestershire, and in 1716 started business in London as an engraver of gun locks and barrels, and as a bookbinder's tool cutter. Having contact with printers, he was induced to fit up a type foundry, largely through the encouragement of William Bowyer. The distinction and legibility of his type secured him the patronage of the leading printers of the day in England and on the continent.

Caslon's typefaces were inspired by the Dutch Baroque types, the most commonly used types in England before Caslon's faces. His work influenced John Baskerville and are thus the progenitors of the typeface classifications Transitional (which includes Baskerville, Bulmer, and Fairfield), and Modern (which includes Bell, Bodoni, Didot, and Walbaum).

Caslon typefaces were immediately popular and used for many important printed works, including the first printed version of the United States Declaration of Independence. Caslon's types became so popular that the expression about typeface choice, "when in doubt, use Caslon," came about. The Caslon types fell out of favour in the century after his death, but were revived in the 1840s. Several revivals of the Caslon types are widely used today.

The grave of William Caslon is preserved in the churchyard of St Luke Old Street, London.

Caslon Foundry

William Caslon founded the Caslon Foundry at around 1720, which became the leading English typefoundry of the 18th and early 19th centuries.

After the death of William Caslon I, his son William Caslon II took over the Caslon Foundry business, which lasted until William Caslon IV sold the foundry to Blake, Garnett & Co. In 1792, William Caslon III sold his share of Caslon Foundry to his mother and his sister-in-law, the widow of his brother Henry. In the same year, William Caslon III purchased the Salisbury Square foundry from the recently deceased Joseph Jackson, and renamed it to Caslon & Son. In 1807, Caslon & Son was passed to William Caslon IV. In 1819, William Caslon IV sold the Caslon & Son to the new Sheffield foundry of Blake, Garnett & Co. In 1837, the Caslon Foundry became the property of Stephenson, Blake & Co. The family of William Caslon III's sister-in-law kept the main Caslon foundry running until 1937, when Stephenson Blake acquired the remaining H.W. Caslon & Sons foundry.

H. W. Caslon and Company Limited

In 1998, Justin Howes reestablished the Caslon foundry, under the name H. W. Caslon & Company Limited, with an expanded version of ITC Founder’s Caslon as the company's initial product. However, following the death of Justin Howes in 2005, the revived H.W. Caslon & Company was no longer in business, and the expanded Founders Caslon is no longer offered in retail market.

8. Quote about Caslon font:

"The typographical epitome of the English baroque."

— Robert Bringhurst

Font Classification

Define and give 3 examples of fonts that fit each classification listed below...

1. Old Style- Bembo, Caslon, Garamond
2. Transitional- Baskerville, Caslon, Perpetua
3. Modern- Bodoni, Bauer Bodoni, Walbaum
4. Slab Serif- Rockwell, Memphis Clarendon, New Century Schoolbook
5. Sans Serif- Futura, Foilio, Gotham, Avant Garde
6. Script- Banco, Brush, Inform
7. Blackletter- Textura, Uncial, Rotunda
8. Grunge- Addlethorpe, Airflo, Alta Bold
9. Monospaced- Letter Gothic, Lucida Typewriter, MICR std
10. Undeclared- Optima, Copperplate Gothic

why is univers unique?!

Univers is unique because it is one of the first familys of uniform

font. With a sans serif font that includes a higher x-height and

even stroke weight to improve legibility. The Univers grid is grid,

or a chart which shows the different variations of the font

based on stroke weight and kerning.

adrian!

Adrian Fruitger

Adrian Fruitger was born on May 24, 1928. He is famous in the world of type because he was one of the best type designers in the 20^th century. His most famous works are creating the typefaces Univers and Fruitger.

Adrian was born in Switzerland. His father was a weaver giving Adrian some art experience at an early age. As a child Adrian didn’t follow the correct guidelines for penmanship at school and was also getting in trouble for creating different ways of writing. Because of this his teachers recommended that he work as a printer for a profession.

When Adrian was sixteen he was an apprentice for the printer Otto Schaerffli. Then Adrian decided to the to a school for fine arts. At school he learned a lot about calligraphy since this is what he was most interested in. He became very interested in hand making type by mixing different kinds of media.

Soon after he finished school a company hired him by the name of Deberny and Peignot. There he designed the typefaces “President”, “Phoebus” and “Ondine”.

His career took off and he became a famous designer creating more typefaces and becoming more interested in many different looking kinds of type.

Adrian Fruitger continues to work and reside near Bern, and will most likely keep designing until his death.

What makes Baskerville unique?

Baskerville is different from other fonts because of its unique use of thicks and thins to create contrast.

Johnny

John Baskerville

John Baskerville was born on January 28, 1706 in Birmingham. After he finished school he became a printer in Birmingham, and a member of the Lunar Society. Baskerville later opened up his own business. The business was mainly offering services of the printing sort but include japanning and papier-mâché as well. One of his famous works is the Bible he printed for Cambridge University in 1758. Around this time he gained more popularity and his style (font) became known as ‘Baskerville’. His typeface was more modern, and dealt with a lot of contrast between the thickness of the lines used and the serifs. His works besides having a different typeface were slightly larger in page size, had wider margins, and had a great deal of thought and craftsmanship. John Baskerville prided himself on his new more type forward thinking and workmanship. After Johns Baskerville’s wife died he became extremely depressed and stopped printing. He then sold most of his type to private businesses and the wealthy. The Beaumarchais, a wealthy family, bought most of his types. Soon after John Baskerville died. Although his later years he didn’t produce much he has still made his mark in the world of type.

vocab yay!

1. absolute measurement. an absolute measurement is a measurement with a fixed value.

2. relative measurement. a relative measurement is a measurement based on the type size.

3.point. the size of type- the unit of measurement used to measurement the type size of the font.

4. pica. a picca is a unit of measurement equal to 12 points that is commonly used for measuring lines of type.

5. em and em dash. the em is a relative unit of measurement used in typesetting to define basic spacing functions and therefore it is linked to the size of type. The em dash is used for defining elements such as a paragraph indents and spacing.

6. The en and the en dash. the en is a unit of relative measurement equal to half of on em. The en dash is half of a em dash.

7. legibility. whether or not one can read a typeface normally and accurately. Legibility has to do with many elements some elements include kerning and font.

8. rag. rags occur when highly noticeable shapes form by the lines ends of text blocks that distract from simple uninterrupted reading. Rags can include exaggerated slopes of noticeable incline.

9. type alignments.

flush left. all type is alined to the left.

flush right. all type is alined to the right.

centered. format is centered generally to the middle of the page.

justified. the space between the words is adjusted in each line giving even margins both to the left and right sides of the page.

flush left pro. the space between the words stays the same.

flush left con. asymmetry the ragged right margin may disturb the balance of an otherwise symmetrical page layout.

flush right pro. very effective for setting small bodies of text.

flush right con. readability is reduced.

centered pro, very effective in the design of single pages.

centered con. readability is reduced.

justified pro. even margins right and left sides.

justified con. spacing between words will very.

10. wording spacing. it is ideal to kern words apart so that they have the same looking optical volumes in between.

11. rivers. space in between rows

12. indent. text blocks can be indented so that some or all of this text lines are moved in from the margin by a specified amount.

13. leading. depth of space in between lines. The space in between text measures in order to space them more accurately.

14. kerning. involves selectively reducing the space between characters while learning the rest of the type setting the same.

15. tracking. also known as letter spacing adjusting the overall space between letters.

16.weight. most typefaces have a few choices of weight. an example of this would be bold vs regular.

17. scale. scale in type is making the type different in point size.

18. typographic variation. using different types of typeface, weight and or sizes.

19. orphan. an orphan is the final one or two lines of a paragraph to form a new column, and should be avoided.

20. widow. is a lone word at the end of a paragraph.

Jan Tschichold was a famous designer that dealt mostly with stock types by using them in non-traditional ways.

Jan Tschichold was born into a family that very much led him to be a designer. His father jobs dealt with using a variety of different types exposing Tschichold to script at a young age. As Tschichold grew older he began helping his father manage the different scripts. He decided to be a drawing teacher at the young age of fourteen. While teaching the class Tschichold studied a wide range of arts. This included looking at type as not only letters but also forms of art. At the age of sixteen Tschichold decided to stop teaching and to attend the Academy for Graphic Arts to be a typeface designer. When Tschichold was nineteen he began teaching a script class at the academy. He was doing very well of himself especially at such a young age.

While teaching the class he became very interested in the Bauhaus movement. He was in awe of their work and tried to adopt some of their work into his. He began to try to make his work less like the typographers of before and tried to really push the envelope for new ideas. Tschichold believed in Modernist design ways and expressed that in is work.

As time progressed his ideas and work became fresher and more interesting. This gained a bigger audience for his work and his name became to be better known in the world of design. Soon he began writing books while still designing. Out of all of his books his most popular written work is called, “Die Neue Typographie”. This book was about creating new typography work using non-traditional ways to communicate. Jan Tschichold is also famous for creating a new “universal alphabet” which used only one typeface, sans serif. Jan Tschichold also designed types including Transit, Saskia, Zeus, and Sabon.

Jan Tschichold is one of the most famous designers worldwide. Designers today still look to his work for design inspiration and teaching designers of today.

andrea hw one

1. Define Grid. a series of lines that intersect with each to form a series of boxs, aka a grid.

2. Why do we (designers) use a grid? As designers we use a grid to organize the elements and objects of our design. The benefit of having a grid is to help the designer design clearly.

3. What is a modular grid? A modular grid has four columns and four rows.

4. Define and Illustrate : Margins, Columns. Grid Modules, Flowlines, and Gutter.

A margin is basically the border or white space on all four sides of the page.

A column is the boxes in the grid that read up and down.

Grid Modules are the actual squares inside the grid.

A flowline is like a gutter but only goes horizontal and keeps layout uniform.

Gutter is the space in between grid modules.

5. Define Hierarchy: Hierarchy is what the eyes see first or what draws the viewer to the design.

6. Ways to achieve hierarchy would be bolding font, color coding type, or increasing the pt size of specific type.

7. Define Family and Type Styles: Inside a family of type are many different types styles, examples of this include bold, italic, lower case and upper case.